ORCID (Open Researcher and Contributor ID) is a unique identifier for authors of scientific publications, which consists of 16 digits divided into four parts and stored in the form of HTTPS URL (e.g. orcid.org/0000-0002-4579-9499).
The use of ORCID helps to eliminate the problem of identifying authors operating in the same research field in the case of very popular surnames, to specify the identity of people who changed their surname or affiliation and eliminate the problem of different notation versions of the name and surname.